Associations of six adiposity-related markers with incidence and mortality from 24 cancers—findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study

Abstract Background Adiposity is a strong risk factor for cancer incidence and mortality. However, most of the evidence available has focused on body mass index (BMI) as marker adiposity. There limited relationships with other adiposity markers, if these associations are linear or not. The aim this study was to investigate six markers mortality from 24 cancers by accounting potential non-linear associations. Methods A total 437,393 participants (53.8% women; mean age 56.3 years) UK Biobank prospective cohort were included in study. median follow-up 8.8 years (interquartile range 7.9 9.6) 9.3 (IQR 8.6 9.9) incidence. Adiposity-related exposures BMI, fat percentage, waist-hip ratio, waist-height waist hip circumference. Incidence sites outcomes. Cox proportional hazard models used each exposure variables fitted separately penalised cubic splines. Results During follow-up, 47,882 individuals developed 11,265 died due during period. All had similar overall BMI associated higher 10 (stomach cardia (hazard ratio per 1 SD increment 1.35, (95% CI 1.23; 1.47)), gallbladder (1.33 (1.12; 1.58)), liver (1.27 (1.19; 1.36)), kidney (1.26 (1.20; 1.33)), pancreas (1.12 (1.06; 1.19)), bladder (1.09 (1.04; 1.14)), colorectal (1.10 1.13)), endometrial (1.73 (1.65; 1.82)), uterine (1.68 (1.60; 1.75)), breast (1.08 (1.05; 1.11))) (1.03 (1.02; 1.04)). except postmenopausal women. Similar results observed when central used. For mortality, nine linearly eight circumference percentage. Conclusion Adiposity, regardless used, an increased sites.